Synergistic MOF/MXene composites: State-of-the-art in electrochemical sensing with a new boost from AI technology

초록

Two-dimensional MXenes have rapidly attracted the attention of scientists as promising materials for electrochemical sensing due to their high electrical conductivity, large specific surface area, and tunable surface chemistry. However, their practical applications are hampered by their susceptibility to oxidation and structural restacking. To address these challenges, the rational integration of MXenes with metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) has recently emerged as an outstanding solution. The synchronized combination of tunable porosity and multiple active sites of MOFs with the rapid charge-transfer capability and excellent conductivity of MXene results in enhanced sensitivity, selectivity, and operational stability compared with those of conventional carbonbased nanomaterials, thereby conferring exceptional properties on MOF/MXene composites. Leveraging from these complementary features, MOF/MXene-based electrochemical sensors have demonstrated broad applicability in the detection of biomolecules, food contaminants, and environmental pollutants. Moreover, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning, and deep learning techniques into electrochemical sensor systems has created advanced opportunities for data-driven signal processing, pattern recognition, and performance prediction, thereby accelerating the development of smart sensor platforms compatible with the Internet of Things (IoT) era. In this review, we systematically summarize recent advances in the design, synthesis, and functional engineering of MOF/MXene-based electrochemical sensors, with an emphasis on interface chemistry, hierarchical structures, material integration strategies, pattern recognition, and performance prediction. The current challenges and future research prospects are thoroughly discussed, highlighting the potential of MOF/ MXene hybrid materials as next-generation intelligent sensing platforms empowered by AI-assisted data analytics and IoT technologies.

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