Psychobiotics for the treatment of neuropsychiatric, neurodegenerative, and neurodevelopmental disorders: A systematic review

초록

Psychobiotics are novel probiotics with potential therapeutic benefits for neuropsychiatric, neurodevelopmental, and neurodegenerative disorders. They modulate the microbiota-gut-brain axis, thereby enhancing gut-brain communication. Conventional pharmaceutical treatments for these conditions often carry significant limitations and adverse effects, underscoring the need for safer biotherapeutic alternatives. Psychobiotics can produce neurotransmitters, short-chain fatty acids, and neuroactive hormones, suggesting their role in regulating brain function and behavior. Although clinical trials provide preliminary support for their efficacy, the precise mechanisms of action remain inadequately understood. Psychobiotic-based interventions hold promise for personalized mental health care but face challenges in study design, patient stratification, and clinical translation. This systematic review consolidates findings from preclinical and clinical studies, evaluates commercially available psychobiotic formulations, and highlights key advances and knowledge gaps in this emerging field.

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