수술연기 내 유해인자 노출 평가 및 제어효과 분석

초록

Objectives: Surgical smoke is a complex mixture of hazardous agents generated by the thermal degradation of tissue during the use of electrocautery devices or lasers. Prolonged and repeated exposure to surgical smoke may lead to respiratory disorders, headaches, eye irritation, and other adverse health effects. This study aims to quantitatively characterize the types and concentrations of major hazardous agents present in surgical smoke and to evaluate the efficacy of local exhaust ventilation (LEV) in reducing these exposures, thereby providing scientific evidence to support the development of a safer surgical environment. Methods: Surgical smoke was generated by applying an electrocautery device to porcine tissue. The concentrations of hazardous agents were evaluated under three scenarios: (1) background conditions (Background), (2) LEV not in use (LEV OFF), (3) LEV in use (LEV ON). Results: The surgical smoke contained hazardous agents, including particulate matter (PM), volatile organic compounds (TVOC), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Concentrations of these agents were significantly elevated during surgical procedures. The use of LEV resulted in a significant decrease in the concentrations of all hazardous agents, with CO and H2S concentrations dropping to non-detectable levels. Conclusions: The installation and proper use of LEV should be incorporated into surgical safety standards in operating rooms. Furthermore, policy discussions are necessary to move beyond advisory guidelines and pave the way for mandatory future implementation.

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