A comprehensive review on the synthesis and applications of zinc ferrite-based nanomaterials for photocatalytic wastewater treatment: Advances, Challenges, and Prospects

초록

The industries play a significant role in environmental pollution by discharging wastewater laden with dyes and harmful chemicals. The release of large quantities of dyes into aquatic systems presents serious ecological and health risks. In response, various cost-effective technologies for wastewater treatment have been explored, among which photocatalysis has gained significant attention as an efficient environmentally friendly approach. Pure zinc ferrite nanoparticles (ZF NPs) have emerged as promising photocatalytic materials due to their structural and magnetic properties. These features facilitate the easy recovery and reuse of the catalyst, thus promoting environmental sustainability. However, their photocatalytic efficiency is often constrained by rapid recombination of charge carriers and limited absorption of visible light, which reduce their overall activity. To address these limitations, several modification strategies have been employed, including elemental doping and composite formation. These approaches enhance charge separation, extend light absorption, and improve the overall photocatalytic performance. This review critically examines the synthesis, structural properties, and photocatalytic applications of zinc ferrite-based nanomaterials (ZFNMs). It also highlights degradation mechanisms, modification strategies, and associated challenges. Finally, it provides a comprehensive and updated assessment of ZFNMs, offering insights into their design, performance optimization, and potential applications in sustainable wastewater remediation.

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