Biohydrogen production from water hyacinth-A review of pretreatment, production, and purification processes

초록

Biohydrogen (bio-H2) is recognized as a highly promising fuel with a high energy content, positioning it as a potential component in sustainable and zero-carbon energy production efforts. Among various potential feedstocks for bio-H2 production, water hyacinth (WH) has gained considerable attention. Despite being classified as a noxious weed due to its rapid growth and detrimental environmental impacts, such as depleting oxygen and nutrients in water bodies, WH's high cellulose and hemicellulose content make it an attractive source for biofuel production, including bio-H2. This review comprehensively synthesizes information retrieved from the Scopus database to examine the potential and current state of research on bio-H2 production using WH as a feedstock. The results indicated that integrating multiple pretreatment processes with a combined system of dark fermentation (DF), photofermentation (PF), and/or microbial electrolysis cells (MEC) significantly enhanced bio-H2 productivity and energy efficiency from WH. However, the economics of these combinations need to be further clarified. In addition, the co-formation of carbon dioxide (CO2) requires further research on the accompanying purification technologies. Furthermore, to establish WH as a viable, valuable, and strategic biomass feedstock for global bio-H2 production and the advancement of green energy, future research should also prioritize process optimization, cost-effectiveness, scalability, and integration with its other potential applications, such as environmental remediation, as well as the production of value-added products, such as handicrafts, pharmaceuticals, adsorbents, and so on.

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