Non-conventional photonic spin Hall effect due to relativistic effect

초록

We present a comprehensive theoretical investigation of the photonic spin Hall effect (PSHE) at the interface between two optical media in relative transverse motion. Using the modified Fresnel equations, we derive generalized reflection coefficients for both electric and magnetic field components that explicitly include relativistic corrections due to the relative motion of the media. These extended expressions reveal several unprecedented features of spin-dependent light-matter interaction. Our analysis shows that the PSHE can arise not only for light propagating from a higher to a lower refractive index medium, but also in the reverse configuration, contrary to conventional stationary systems. More intriguingly, we find that a nonzero PSHE emerges even when the two media share identical refractive indices, a condition under which the effect is strictly forbidden in the stationary case. Most notably, a purely relativistic PSHE at normal incidence is predicted, representing a fundamental departure from all previously known optical Hall effects. This study introduces a new relativistic regime of photonic spin-orbit interaction, significantly extending the conventional understanding of the PSHE. The results not only deepen insight into light propagation in moving media but also suggest promising applications in precision metrology, relativistic optical sensing, and motion-controlled photonic devices.

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