A simple and efficient liposome-based biosensor for visual monitoring of Cu²⁺-bipyridine complex formation

초록

This study presents the development of a novel liposome-based colorimetric sensor designed for the detection of 2,2 '-bipyridine (BP) and its interaction with Cu2(+) ions, resulting in the formation of a dark red complex visible to the naked eye. The liposomes encapsulate BP, which is released under controlled conditions. The effects of environmental factors, such as temperature, pH fluctuations, and Triton X100-induced membrane disruption, on the release dynamics are systematically analyzed. The study employs UV-vis spectroscopy to monitor the release kinetics and elucidate the mechanisms of liposome destabilization and BP-Cu2(+) complex formation. The optimized conditions for Triton X100 and Cu2(+) concentrations enhance the sensor's sensitivity, making it highly efficient for real-time detection. This sensor, which outperforms traditional cysteine-mediated AuNP aggregation and ligand-receptor systems, offers significant advantages in terms of simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and portability. It holds great potential for applications in environmental monitoring and medical diagnostics, providing a versatile and efficient platform for visual detection in field-deployable diagnostic tools.

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