Resilience-Enhancing Programs for Nurses in the Era of COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

초록

Highlights What are the main findings? A systematic review and meta-analysis of six studies demonstrated that resilience-enhancing programs had a statistically significant positive effect on nurses' resilience in the post-pandemic era. Despite the overall positive effect, substantial heterogeneity and low-to-very-low certainty of evidence indicate that the magnitude and consistency of the effect should be interpreted cautiously. What are the implications of the main findings? Resilience-enhancing programs may support nurses' psychological well-being in post-pandemic healthcare settings. However, additional high-quality, adequately powered trials are needed to strengthen the evidence base. Future studies should focus on resilience as the primary outcome and explore organizational-level outcomes.Highlights What are the main findings? A systematic review and meta-analysis of six studies demonstrated that resilience-enhancing programs had a statistically significant positive effect on nurses' resilience in the post-pandemic era. Despite the overall positive effect, substantial heterogeneity and low-to-very-low certainty of evidence indicate that the magnitude and consistency of the effect should be interpreted cautiously. What are the implications of the main findings? Resilience-enhancing programs may support nurses' psychological well-being in post-pandemic healthcare settings. However, additional high-quality, adequately powered trials are needed to strengthen the evidence base. Future studies should focus on resilience as the primary outcome and explore organizational-level outcomes.Abstract Background/Objectives: In the post-pandemic era, growing concern about the mental health of healthcare professionals has led to the development of various resilience-enhancing programs. Although such programs are not new, having been implemented before the pandemic, it is important to investigate how post-pandemic programs differ from earlier ones. This review aimed to analyze resilience-enhancing programs for nurses and evaluate their effectiveness. Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A search was performed in the Cochrane Library, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PubMed, and EMBASE. Six studies met the inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis was conducted using Stata version 16.0 (StataCorp LLC., College Station, TX, USA). Results: Six studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. The characteristics of the included studies, such as country, study design, setting, population, outcome variables, and resilience-enhancing programs for nurses, were analyzed. The random-effects meta-analysis indicated a statistically significant positive effect on nurses' resilience (SMD = 0.58, 95% CI 0.10 to 1.07, Z = 2.35, p = 0.019). Conclusions: This study provides foundational evidence for understanding resilience-enhancing programs for nurses and highlights their potential value in post-pandemic healthcare settings.

키워드