글로벌 문화유산으로서의 20세기 한･일 대중음악 ― 트로트, 엔카, 그리고 가요

초록

Trot and enka, widely regarded as traditional popular music genres in Korea and Japan respectively, are often viewed as culturally and nationally distinct. However, this paper argues that the two genres share a common origin as “twin genres” that emerged within the same cultural-industrial system of imperial Japan during the late 1920s to 1930s. They evolved in parallel, sharing emotional modalities, musical formats, and distribution channels. By exploring their historical formation and transformation, this study highlights the complex interplay between cultural production and political contexts in East Asia. After 1945, the two genres underwent divergent processes of national representation and institutionalization, reflecting each countryʼs media policies and identity politics. This paper adopts a discursive and comparative framework, viewing genre not as a fixed category but as a fluid construct shaped by historical and social conditions. Based on this perspective, it proposes the term “kayō (歌謠)” as a shared analytical category to examine the mutual influences and differences between trot and enka. In doing so, the study challenges the conventional bifurcation that defines them solely through national boundaries. Reframing these musical forms as part of a shared East Asian cultural history, the paper contributes to a more inclusive understanding of their legacy as global cultural heritage.

키워드