Cancer therapeutic potential of hovetrichoside C from Jatropha podagrica on apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells

초록

Phytochemical analysis of the methanolic extracts of Jatropha podagrica stalks and roots using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) led to the isolation of six compounds: corchoionoside C (1), isobiflorin (2), fraxin (3), hovetrichoside C (4), fraxetin (5), and corillagin (6). The isolated compounds (1-6) were tested for their cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. Remarkably, compound 4 (hovetrichoside C) exhibited robust cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231 cells, displaying an IC50 value of 50.26 +/- 1.22 mu M, along with an apoptotic cell death rate of 24.21 +/- 2.08% at 100 mu M. Treatment involving compound 4 amplified protein levels of cleaved caspase-8, -9, -3, -7, BH3-interacting domain death agonist (Bid), Bcl-2associated X protein (Bax), and cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (cleaved PARP), while concurrently reducing B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) levels. In totality, these findings underscore that hovetrichoside C (4) possesses anti-breast cancer activity that revolves around apoptosis induction via both extrinsic and intrinsic signaling pathways.

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