Aster koraiensis Nakai: Insights into Its Phytoconstituents and Pharmacological Properties

초록

Background/Objectives:Aster (A.) koraiensis (Nakai) Kitamura (synonym Gymnaster koraiensis), commonly referred to as Korean starwort, belongs to the composite (Asteraceae) family. This endemic perennial species is cultivated for its long-lasting ornamental flowers and for its young leaves and stems, which serve as a nutritious food source. It grows abundantly across the southern and central regions of the Korean Peninsula, including Jeju Island. The presence of diverse secondary metabolites such as phenolic compounds, polyacetylenes, benzofurans, flavonoids, triperpenoidal saponins, and sesquiterpenoids contributes to its importance in both traditional medicine and modern pharmacology. To date, no comprehensive review has been conducted to summarize its phytoconstituents and pharmacological potential. Methods: A non-systematic electronic search of English-language articles using A. koraiensis and its synonyms as keywords was conducted to assess its bioactive constituents and health-promoting potential. Results: This review seeks to compile and discuss the health-promoting activities of A. koraiensis, including its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-tumor, antithrombotic, anticoagulant, anti-angiogenic, antinociceptive, anti-metabolic syndrome, antiviral, hepatoprotective, and cognitive function-enhancing properties, based on evidence from cell and animal studies. To date, more than 75 phytoconstituents have been purified and characterized from this plant. Conclusions: The extensive pharmacological activities of A. koraiensis highlight its medicinal importance. Future studies should concentrate on the separation, identification, and quantification of its bioactive metabolites, alongside an in-depth investigation of its potential health-enhancing properties.

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