A study of NiFe2O4/orange peels nanocomposites for adsorbing fluoride (F-1) from water body and insights into structural, magnetic and adsorptive properties

초록

Background: Human or naturally-polluted water resources with fluoride concentrations above WHO standards (1.5 mg/L) cause health hazards including skeletal and dental fluorosis. Method: Magnetic adsorbents (NiFe2O4/orange peel composites) were synthesized by hydrothermal to remove fluoride from drinking water. Significant findings: Single-phase spinal structure was confirmed using XRD, with lattice parameter ranging from 8.30443 angstrom to 8.32671 angstrom with increasing orange peel dosage. Grain sizes of 87 nm for pure and orange peel composites of 63 and 68 nm were observed by scanning electron microscope. Raman observations indicate that pure nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4) has a D-Band around 1350-1370 cm-1, while FTIR spectra show octahedral and tetrahedral sites at 667-669 cm-1 and 878-880 cm-1, respectively for composites. Coercivity was found to be a few oersteds (26.16-22.62 Oe) and saturation magnetization has considerable values (41.52-37.90 emu/g) for magnetic separation. PFO and PSO kinetic models were used to fit the adsorption data. Chemisorption is dominant as reported by the PSO model (18.72659 mg/g) and actual data (18.68 mg/g). The composite attains WHO limit (1.5 mg/L) after only three hours, making it considerable for real-time fluoride-contaminated water adsorption. Box-Behnken Design (BBD) of response surface methodology (RSM) demonstrated statistical relevance for model parameters in adsorbing F-1.

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