Advanced energy storage systems in construction materials: A comprehensive review of cementitious-based batteries and supercapacitors

초록

This review explores the emerging role of cement-based materials in energy storage applications, with a specific focus on cement-based structural supercapacitors (CSSCs) and cement-based batteries. While CSSCs have gained significant attention for their ability to store energy while maintaining load-bearing capacity, research on cement-based batteries remains limited but shows potential for long-term energy storage integration in infrastructure. The review discusses fabrication techniques, material selection, and electrochemical performance, along with strategies to enhance ionic conductivity, porosity engineering, and interfacial bonding. CSSCs demonstrate high cycle stability and promising electrochemical properties, whereas cement-based batteries require further advancements in cycling performance and energy density. Despite these challenges, integrating energy storage within structural materials presents a transformative opportunity for sustainable, energy-efficient construction. Future research directions include electrode material optimization, electrolyte modifications, self-healing cementitious composites, and scalability considerations to bridge the gap between construction materials and renewable energy storage technologies.

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