Full duplex UAV and cellular-assisted V2X networks disrupting millimeter waves: A stochastic approach

초록

Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) connectivity is essential for autonomous vehicles, involving vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to-macro cell-station (V2M), vehicle-to-line-of-sight (V2L) unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), and vehicle-to-non-line-of-sight (V2N) UAV connections. In this paper, a stochastic approach to model a full-duplex setting for a UAV and cellular-assisted V2X network enabled by three-dimensional (3D) beam-forming millimeter-wave (mm-wave) antennas is considered. The UAVs are considered in accordance to a 3D Poisson Point Process (PPP); macro base-stations (MBSs) are considered in accordance to a two-dimensional (2D) PPP; and vehicular-nodes (VNs) are considered in accordance to a Cox process such that the roads are modeled as a Poisson Line Process and VNs are placed near the roads by modeling them as a one-dimensional (1D) PPP. Additionally, the variations of the UAV 3D beam-width are modeled as a Normal distribution. To this end, for a full-duplex environment, the association, coverage, and spectrum of a VN link are investigated. The results depicted that a full-duplex UAV and cellular-assisted V2X mm-wave network maintain higher spectrum efficiency relative to a half-duplex network, but the efficiency decreases when UAV 3D beam-width vibrations are increased. Derivation of expressions for association and coverage of the VN links in relation to UAV beam vibrations, VNs, MBSs, and UAVs is performed. Furthermore, in a full-duplex scenario, the coverage performance of a typical VN's link declines due to the rising residual interference, which is further exacerbated by increasing 3D antenna beam-width variations.

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